Transpose of matrix

Posted on Apr 25, 2020

C program to transpose a matrix.

The transpose of a given matrix is a new matrix formed by interchanging the rows and columns of a matrix. i.e. rows of the original matrix will become columns of the new matrix. Similarly, columns in the original matrix will become rows in the new matrix.

In other words, transpose of A[][] is obtained by changing A[i][j] to A[j][i].

When we transpose a matrix, its order changes (if original matrix is of the order 3x2, then new matrix will be of the order 2x3), but for a square matrix, it remains the same.

Program

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#define MAX 10

void main()
{
	int mat[MAX][MAX], trans[MAX][MAX];
    int row, col;
    int i, j;

    printf("Enter the number of rows\t:");
    scanf("%d",&row);
    printf("Enter the number of columns\t:");
    scanf("%d",&col);

    printf("Enter the elements\n");
    for(i=0;i<row;i++)
    {
        for(j=0;j<col;j++)
        {
            printf("Element [%d][%d]\t:",i,j);
            scanf("%d",&mat[i][j]);
        }
    }

    printf("\n\nMatrix entered is\n");
    for(i=0;i<row;i++)
    {
        for(j=0;j<col;j++)
        {
            printf("%d\t",mat[i][j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }

    for(i=0;i<row;i++)
    {
        for(j=0;j<col;j++)
        {
            trans[j][i] = mat[i][j];
        }
    }

    printf("\n\nTranspose of the matrix is\n");
    for(i=0;i<col;i++)
    {
        for(j=0;j<row;j++)
        {
            printf("%d\t",trans[i][j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }

    getch();
}

Output

Enter the number of rows        :3
Enter the number of columns     :4
Enter the elements
Element [0][0]  :1
Element [0][1]  :2
Element [0][2]  :3
Element [0][3]  :4
Element [1][0]  :5
Element [1][1]  :6
Element [1][2]  :7
Element [1][3]  :8
Element [2][0]  :9
Element [2][1]  :10
Element [2][2]  :11
Element [2][3]  :12


Matrix entered is
1       2       3       4
5       6       7       8
9       10      11      12


Transpose of the matrix is
1       5       9
2       6       10
3       7       11
4       8       12